Nigerian Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture

Gills and Liver Histology of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Juveniles Exposed to Acute Datura innoxia Stem Extract

2025-05-09T06:50:28+00:00

In the present study, juveniles of Clarias gariepinus were exposed to Datura innoxia stem extract in other to determine the Datura innoxia stem extract toxicity to the species at both acute and chronic exposures. The histopathological changes in the gills and liver of Clarias gariepinus were determined. Juveniles of mean weight 19.56 ± 0.7g and mean length 12.42 ±0.3cm were exposed to acute concentrations of 0 (control), 320, 330, 340, 350 and 360mg/l of Datura innoxia stem extract. Effects of Datura innoxia extract stem were measured using behavioral and histopathological indices. The LC₅₀ value of the Datura innoxia stem established for Clarias gariepinus was 334.370 mg/l. Histological changes observed in gills include attenuation and clubbing at the tips of the primary lamellae, mild congestion in the cartilage, intense cellular necrosis, blood congestion, oedema, epithelial lifting and hyperplasia of epithelial cells. Changes in liver exposure include mild congestion of the sinusoids, pyknosis of the nuclei, perivascular cuffing around the central vein, aggregation of nuclei, fibrosis, bile pigment disintegration, eosinophilic granules in the cytoplasm and cytoplasmic vacuolation. The study concludes that the Datura innoxia steam extract was moderately toxic to Clarias gariepinus juveniles.

Assessment of Socioeconomic Characteristics, Constraints, and Sources of Information Among Artisanal Fishers of Nwonyo Lake, Ibi, Taraba State, Nigeria

2025-05-02T21:43:57+00:00

The study assessed the socioeconomic characteristics, constraints, and fishing information sources among artisanal fishers in Nwonyo Lake, Ibi, Taraba State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling technique was adopted in selecting 80% of the artisanal fishers (respondents) to make a total sample size of 264 for the study. A structured questionnaire and scheduled interview were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (Chi-Square). The results showed that artisanal fishers were mostly male (76.1%), ages 21-30 years (59.1%), single (44.3%), high level of secondary school certificates (49.6%), household sizes 3-4 (42.0%), 25.8% had between 6 and 10 years of experience in artisanal fishing. Fellow fishers (34.8%) were the major sources of information sources, reliable (47.3%), and preferred (49.3%) to the fishers. While the frequency of information daily was 53.8%. Age (0.008) had a significant (p<0.05) relationship with sources of information available to artisanal fishers. Similarly, age influenced the sources of information among fishers in the study area. The fishers could be trained in information management so that they can be the main source of reliable information. The study recommended that other information sources such as social media could be adequately utilized by the State Agricultural Development Programme as additional media for information dissemination regularly.

Some Aspects of Reproductive Biology of Bagrus bajad (Forsskal, 1775) from Kangimi Reservoir, Kaduna State, Nigeria

2025-05-02T21:43:57+00:00

Some aspects of the reproductive Biology of Bagrus bajad were investigated to determine egg diameter, gonadosomatic index and gonad maturity stages. A total of five hundred and twenty-three (523) fish were collected by purposive sampling from the fishermen's bycatch for 24 months. Mean values calculated were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance at 95 % confidence level (p≤0.05). Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was introduced to rank the means when the difference is significant. Egg size measured showed no significant (P>0.05) variation from 0.988±0.05mm to 0.813±0.06mm. The peak (4.643±0.27%) of the gonadosomatic index was in August and the least (0.401±0.04) value was recorded in February for males. In females, the value fluctuated from 6.414±0.60% (June) to 0.510±0.09% (February). The mean gonadosomatic index for females and combined sex in the rainy months was significantly higher than the dry months at P<0.05. Six gonad maturity stages were identified. Testes and ovaries that were not matured occurred almost throughout the sampling period. Matured gonads were observed more in the rainy months. The fish with higher body weight recorded higher ovary weight but the size of the egg did not differ significantly among fish with varying body ranges. This implies that eggs contain the same amount of food reserve, so also survival and hatchability. The breeding pattern of B. bajad is during the rainy season and the fish are seasonal breeders. Histological study of male and female gonads of the same species in the reservoir is recommended to complement the macroscopic investigation. The exploitation of B. bajad in the reservoir should be within the dry season in order not to deplete the fishery of brood stock.

The Ecto and Endo Parasites Prevalence of Coptodon zilli and Brycinus nurse in Alau Dam Maiduguri, Nigeria

2025-05-09T07:41:44+00:00

The study was carried out to isolate and identify the prevalence of ecto and endoparasites in Brysinus nurses and Coptodon zilli in Alau Dam Maiduguri. One hundred and eighty-four1(84) fish samples comprising (92) Brysinus nurse and (92) Coptodon zilli were collected from Alau Dam over six months. The fish were examined for ecto and endo parasites. Fins were scraped, and skin, gills, and intestines were smeared using the standard method for parasitology examination. Some aspects of water quality parameters in the lake were monitored throughout the study. The physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, Dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, alkalinity, and hardness were studied. Descriptive statistics analyzed the data on the monthly prevalence of parasites. The study revealed that six species were recorded from Coptodon zilli, and five species were recorded from Brycinus nurse.

Physicochemical Parameters and Ichthyofaunal Composition of Kanye Dam, Kano State, Nigeria

2025-05-02T21:43:57+00:00

The construction of dams has caused a significant change in water qualities quality, which has posed a direct effect on fish. The physicochemical parameters and ichthyofaunal composition of Kanye Dam, Kano State, and its environment were investigated for four months (April- July 2023). Temperature and pH were measured in situ while dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand were measured ex-situ using standard methods. Ichthyofauna composition was determined by recording the catch from the dam by the fishermen. The mean temperature, Hydrogen ion Concentration, Dissolved Oxygen, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand values ranged from 23.75 to 26.82^oC, 6.96 to 7.53, 4.10 to 4.37mg/l and 4.35 to 4.89 mg/l, respectively. The 1780 individuals sample collected belonged to 6 families and 11 species. They included Mormyridae (Mormyrus rume and Mormyrus psittacus), Cichilidae (Oreochromis aureus, Croptodon zilli and Oreochromis niloticus) Claridae (Clarias gariepinus and Clarias anguillaris), Uranoscopidae (Uranopus scaber), Centropomidae (Lates niloticus) and Bagridae (Bagrus bayad and Carabaricus bayad). The Uranoscopidae family, represented by Uranopus scaber recorded 27.7% samples as the single abundant species. The highest abundant family was the Cichilidae, with three species. The family Claridae was composed of two species while the least abundant was the Bagridae family, which recorded 2.7% and 2.4% for Bagrus bayad and Carabaricus bayad, respectively. The physicochemical parameters are within the range for fish culturable.